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affirmative covenant.1.COVENANT(1).2.COVENANT(4). [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmative converse instruction.See JURY INSTRUCTION. [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmative condition.See positive condition under CONDITION(2). [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmative charge.See affirmative instruction under JURY INSTRUCTION. [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmative   action.A   set   of   actions   designed   to   eliminate   existing   and   continuing discrimination,  to  remedy  lingering  effects  of  past  discrimination,  and  to  create  systems  and procedures to prevent future discrimination. See reverse discrimination under DISCRIMINATION. [Cases: Civil Rights    1033(3), 1236. C.J.S. Civil Rights §§ 18, 20, 23–24, 64–65.] [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmative,adj.1.   Supporting   the   existence   of   certain   facts   <affirmative   evidence>.2. Involving or requiring effort <an affirmative duty>. [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmation,n. A pledge equivalent to an oath but without reference to a supreme being or to “swearing”; a solemn declaration made under penalty of perjury, but without an oath. Fed. R. Civ. P. 43(d). • While an oath is “sworn to                                                                  ,” an affirmation is merely “affirmed,” but either type of pledge may subject the…

affirmant.  A  person  who  testifies  under  affirmation  and  not  under  oath.  [Cases:  Witnesses 227. C.J.S. Witnesses § 394.] [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmance day general.See DAY. [Blacks Law 8th]

affirmance,n.1. A ratification, reacceptance, or confirmation. “A party who has the power of avoidance may lose it by action that manifests a willingness to go on  with the contract. Such action is known as ‘affirmance’ and  has the effect of ratifying the contract.  See  Restatement  of  Restitution  §  68.  The  rule  stated  in  this  Section …