POLAROID TEST

Polaroid test.Trademarks. A judicial test for trademark infringement, analyzing eight factors:

(1) strength of the mark, (2) similarity between the marks, (3) proximity of the products’ markets, (4) effects on market expansion (ability to “bridge the gap”), (5) actual confusion, (6) the defendant’s good or bad faith, (7) quality of the products, and (8) sophistication of the buyer. Polaroid Corp. v. Polarad Electronics Corp., 287 F.2d 492, 495 (2d Cir. 1961). [Cases: Trade Regulation  334.1. C.J.S. Trade-Marks, Trade-Names, and Unfair Competition §§ 87–89.]

[Blacks Law 8th]