NOXA

noxa (nok-s<<schwa>>), n.[Latin “injury”] Hist. 1.Roman law. A harm done or an offense committed such as injury to a person or property, esp. by a slave or son. • This gave rise to noxal liability. 2.Roman law. The obligation to pay for damage committed by a son, slave, or animal. • The father or owner generally had to pay damages or else surrender the tortfeasor offending person or animal to the injured party (noxal surrender). — Also termed noxal liability. See NOXAL ACTION. 3. An offense, generally. 4. The punishment for an offense. 5. Something that exerts a harmful effect on the body.

[Blacks Law 8th]