DISCOVERY
discovery,n.1. The act or process of finding or learning something that was previously
unknown <after making the discovery, the inventor immediately applied for a patent>. 2.
Compulsory disclosure, at a party’s request, of information that relates to the litigation <the
plaintiff filed a motion to compel discovery>. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 26–37; Fed. R. Crim. P. 16. • The
primary discovery devices are interrogatories, depositions, requests for admissions, and requests
for production. Although discovery typically comes from parties, courts also allow limited
discovery from nonparties. [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 1261–1686; Pretrial Procedure
11–44.C.J.S. Discovery §§ 2–12, 14–22, 24–29, 31–47, 51–53, 56, 58–59, 69; Pretrial
Procedure§§ 2–6.] 3. The facts or documents disclosed <the new associate spent all her time
reviewing discovery>.4. The pretrial phase of a lawsuit during which depositions, interrogatories,
and other forms of discovery are conducted. — discover,vb. — discoverable,adj.
“Discovery has broad scope. According to Federal Rule 26, which is the model in modern
procedural codes, inquiry may be made into ‘any matter, not privileged, that is relevant to the
subject matter of the action.’ Thus, discovery may be had of facts incidentally relevant to the
issues in the pleadings even if the facts do not directly prove or disprove the facts in question.”
Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr. & Michele Taruffo, American Civil Procedure: An Introduction 115 (1993).
accelerated discovery.A party’s production of relevant evidence to an opponent at a time
earlier than would otherwise be required by rule or standing order of the court. • The accelerated
discovery is usu. carried out in compliance with a specific court order or the parties’ agreement. —
Also termed accelerated disclosure.
postjudgment discovery.Discovery conducted after judgment has been rendered, usu. to
determine the nature of the judgment debtor’s assets or to obtain testimony for use in future
proceedings. — Also termed posttrial discovery. [Cases: Execution 373–400; Federal Civil
Procedure 2707. C.J.S. Executions §§ 356, 359–389, 412.]
pretrial discovery.Discovery conducted before trial to reveal facts and develop evidence. •
Modern procedural rules have broadened the scope of pretrial discovery to prevent the parties
from surprising each other with evidence at trial. [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 1261; Pretrial
Procedure 14, 25. C.J.S. Discovery §§ 2, 6, 10, 32, 36, 58.]
reciprocal discovery.See reverse Jencks material under JENCKS MATERIAL.
reverse discovery.See reverse Jencks material under JENCKS MATERIAL. [Blacks Law 8th]