ARTICLE I COURT
Article I court. 1. See legislative court under COURT. 2. A type of federal legislative court
that is not bound by the requirements of or protected under U.S. Const. art. III, § 2, and that
performs functions similar to those of an administrative agency, such as issuing advisory opinions.
U.S. Const. art. I, § 8. Cf. ARTICLE III COURT.
“Congress also has the power, within certain limits, to create what are called …Article I
tribunals …. These Article I tribunals are really akin to administrative agencies; that is, the ‘judges’
do not have any constitutionally guar-anteed lifetime tenure and protection from salary diminution;
they are not governed by the case or controversy limitation of Article III…. At the present time,
Article I courts include territorial courts, certain courts in the District of Columbia, courts martial,
and legislative courts and administrative agencies that adjudicate ‘public rights.’ ” John E. Nowak
& Ronald D. Rotunda, Constitutional Law 22–23 (4th ed. 1991).[Blacks Law 8th]